Below are summaries of the charts, tables and graphs contained in Section 1 of the Minnesota Health Care Chartbook by page number. This chartbook was last updated in October 2024 and contains 32 pages. Pages without charts or graphs are not listed below.

Page 4 - Trends in Minnesota Health Care Spending

This bar chart shows annual Minnesota health care spending totals and cumulative percent growth.

2012: Spending=$40.4 billion; Growth=4.3%
2013: Spending=$41.9 billion; Growth=3.8%
2014: Spending=$45.1 billion; Growth=7.6%
2015: Spending=$46.9 billion; Growth=4.0%
2016: Spending=$48.0 billion; Growth=2.4%
2017: Spending=$50.7 billion; Growth=5.5%
2018: Spending=$53.5 billion; Growth=5.7%
2019: Spending=$55.9 billion; Growth=4.4%
2020: Spending=$59.6 billion; Growth=6.7%
2021: Spending=$63.4 billion; Growth=6.4%
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program

Page 6 - Minnesota Health Care Spending by Source of Funds, 2021

This bar chart depicts the distribution of Minnesota 2021 health care spending by source of funds.

Private Health Insurance=35.1%
Out-of-Pocket=11.0%
Other Private Spending (such as private workers’ compensation and auto medical insurance)=2.0%
Medicare=23.9%
Medical Assistance=19.8%
Other Public Spending (such as MinnesotaCare, government workers’ compensation, and Veterans Administration)=8.3%
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program

Page 9 - Public Spending for Health Care in Minnesota: Federal, State, and Local Shares, 2021

This bar chart depicts the relative share of Minnesota public health care spending attributable to each level of government in 2021. Total Public Spending equals $32.9 Billion.

Federal=81.6%
State=17.2%
Local=1.2%
- Sources: MDH Health Economics Program; Minnesota Department of Human Services, February 2023 Expenditure Forecast. Spending is based on program payer. Excludes school-based health clinics as funding is variable and comes from external government resources.

Page 10 – Payers’ Share of Population vs. Share of Health Care Spending, 2021

This bar chart depicts the percent of Minnesota residents enrolled in public and private health insurance programs, respectively, and the percent of total spending contributed by public and private sources, respectively.

Private Enrollment as % of Population=57.2%
Private Spending as % of Total Spending=48.1%
Public Enrollment as % of Population=38.8%
Public Spending as % of Total Spending=51.9%
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program

Page 11 - Minnesota Health Care Spending per Person by Payment Source, 2021

This bar chart displays the per-person spending in Minnesota for five major payment sources including Medicare, Minnesota public programs, and private health insurance.

Medicare^1-2=$11,740
Medical Assistance=$12,116
MinnesotaCare=$5,785
Private Health Insurance¹=$6,245
Out-of-Pocket=$1,222
- Individuals with dual coverage are included in each of the respective coverage options.
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program

¹Excludes Medicare Supplement insurance.

²Excludes portion of expenses paid by Medicare Advantage enrollee premiums

Page 13 - Shares of Health Care Spending Paid for by Businesses, Government, and Individuals, 2021

This bar chart depicts the relative share of Minnesota health care spending attributable to individuals, businesses, and government in 2021.

Government=51.9%
Businesses=24.6%
Individuals=23.5%
- Local and state government employers’ health care spending included in business spending.
- Sources: MDH Health Economics Program; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, Medical Expenditure Panel Survey – Insurance Component, 2022; Best's Aggregates and Averages (Property/Casualty), 2023 edition. Local and state government employers’ health care spending included in business. May not total to 100% due to rounding.

Page 15 - Minnesota Health Care Spending by Categories of Service, 2021

This chart depicts the share, spending (in billions), and growth from 2021 of Minnesota’s health care spending by seven service categories. Total spending is $63.4 Billion.

Hospital Care=distribution: 31.5%, spending (in billions): $20.0, growth from 2020: 6.5%.
Other Spending¹= distribution: 18.0%, spending (in billions): $11.4, growth from 2020: 4.8%.
Physician Services= distribution: 17.9%, spending (in billions): $11.3, growth from 2020: 7.7%.
Long-Term Care²= distribution: 16.1%, spending (in billions): $10.2, growth from 2020: 1.1%.
Retail Prescription Drugs= distribution: 10.3%, spending (in billions): $6.5, growth from 2020: 6.5%.
Dental Services= distribution: 3.4%, spending (in billions): $2.1, growth from 2020: 23.3%.
Other Professional Services³= distribution: 2.8%, spending (in billions): $1.8, growth from 2020: 23.7%.
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program. May not total to 100% due to rounding.

¹Includes chemical dependency/mental health, durable medical, health plan administrative expenses and revenues in excess of expenses, public health spending, correctional facility health spending, Indian Health Services, not itemized spending, and uncategorized spending.

²Includes home health care services.

³Includes services provided by health practitioners who are not physicians or dentists.

Page 18 - Factors Accounting for Health Care Spending Growth in Minnesota, 2017 to 2021

This stacked bar chart depicts the factors accounting for health care spending growth in Minnesota for the years 2017 to 2021.

The following are the adjusted relative percentages of the actual growth in spending by year depicted in the chart:
2017: Total Spending Growth=5.5%, Population Growth=0.8%, Inflation=2.2%, Other Factors=2.6%
2018: Total Spending Growth=5.7%, Population Growth=0.7%, Inflation=2.4%, Other Factors=2.6%
2019: Total Spending Growth=4.4%, Population Growth=0.6%, Inflation=2.1%, Other Factors=1.7%
2020: Total Spending Growth=6.7%, Population Growth=1.2%, Inflation=1.2%, Other Factors=4.4%
2021: Total Spending Growth=6.4%, Population Growth=0.0%, Inflation=4.8%, Other Factors=1.5%
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program
- Revisions to historic time series may lead to slight variation from previously published estimates. Where factors are negative, it indicates that the factor helped to limit spending growth.

Page 20 - Minnesota and U.S. Health Care Spending: Where It Came From, 2021

This chart compares the distribution of funding sources for Minnesota and United States health care spending in 2021. Major sources include private health insurance, public programs, and out-of-pocket spending.

Private Health Insurance: Minnesota=35.1%, U.S.=29.9%
Out-of-Pocket: Minnesota=11.0%, U.S.=10.7%
Other Private: Minnesota=2.0%, U.S.=5.7%
Medical Assistance: Minnesota=23.9%, U.S.=18.8%
Medicare: Minnesota=19.8%, U.S.=22.3%
Other Public Spending: Minnesota=8.3%, U.S.=12.6%
- Sources: MDH Health Economics Program; U.S. expenditure data are from the Personal Health Care estimates of the National Health Expenditure Accounts (NHEA) for 2021.

Page 21 - Minnesota and U.S. Health Care Spending: Annual Growth by Private and Public Payers

This chart compares the growth of spending by funding source for Minnesota and United States health care spending from 2017-2021.

Minnesota Public Spending Growth: 2017=8.7%, 2018=5.6%, 2019=2.6%, 2020=16.2%, 2021=4.8%
Minnesota Private Spending Growth: 2017=2.7%, 2018=5.8%, 2019=6.1%, 2020=-2.1%, 2021=8.1%
U.S. Public Spending Growth: 2017=3.5%, 2018=4.6%, 2019=5.3%, 2020=22.6%, 2021=-0.9%
U.S. Private Spending Growth: 2017=4.4%, 2018=4.5%, 2019=3.4%, 2020=-1.0%, 2021=6.8%
- Sources: MDH Health Economics Program; U.S. expenditure data are from the Personal Health Care estimates of the National Health Expenditure Accounts (NHEA) for 2021.

Page 22 - Minnesota and U.S. Health Care Spending: Where It Went, 2021

This chart compares the distribution of health care spending by category of service for Minnesota and United States in 2021.

Hospital Care: Minnesota=31.5%, U.S.=32.7%
Other Spending¹: Minnesota=18.0%, U.S.=21.8%
Physician Services: Minnesota=17.9%, U.S.=21.4%
Long-Term Care²: Minnesota=16.1%, U.S.=7.6%
Retail Prescription Drugs: Minnesota=10.3%, U.S.=9.3%
Dental Services: Minnesota=3.4%, U.S.=4.0%
Other Professional Services³: Minnesota=2.8%, U.S.=3.2%
Note: Some spending included in U.S. hospital care is defined as long-term care spending for the Minnesota estimates.
- Sources: MDH Health Economics Program; U.S. expenditure data are from the Personal Health Care estimates of the National Health Expenditure Accounts (NHEA) for 2021.

²Includes home health care services.

³Includes services provided by health practitioners who are not physicians or dentists.

Page 25 - Growth in Private Health Insurance Premiums and Health Care Spending, per Enrollee

This line chart depicts annual growth rates of per enrollee private health insurance premiums and expenditures for Minnesota residents for the years 2012 through 2021.

2012: Premiums=0.2%, Expenses=4.1%
2013: Premiums=0.5%, Expenses=3.1%
2014: Premiums=4.1%, Expenses=6.1%
2015: Premiums=2.1%, Expenses=5.6%
2016: Premiums=11.2%, Expenses=8.4%
2017: Premiums=11.6%, Expenses=4.6%
2018: Premiums=3.6%, Expenses=4.5%
2019: Premiums=2.4%, Expenses=4.9%
2020: Premiums=2.1%, Expenses=-1.6%
2021: Premiums=3.1%, Expenses=12.9%
Fully-insured commercial market only.
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program, analysis of annual medical-only reports from health plan companies. Expenses are based on health plan company expenses and exclude member liability. Revisions to historic time series may lead to slight variation from previously published estimates.

Page 26 - Difference Between Per Person Premiums and Spending as a Percent of Revenue

This bar chart depicts the difference between per-person premiums and spending as a percent of revenue for each year from 2012 to 2021.

2012=4.6%
2013=2.1%
2014=0.3%
2015=-3.2%
2016=-0.6%
2017=5.8%
2018=4.9%
2019=2.6%
2020=6.1%
2021=-2.8%
Fully-insured commercial market only. A positive number indicates that premiums were higher than spending, and a negative number indicates that spending was higher than premiums.
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program, analysis of annual medical-only reports from health plan companies. Spending is based on health plan company expenses and excludes member liability. Revisions to historic time series may lead to slight variation from previously published estimates.

Page 27 - Cumulative Growth in Key Minnesota Health Care Cost and Key Economic Indicators

This line chart depicts the cumulative growth in per-person, per-month health plan spending, Minnesota economy (Gross State Product), Minnesota wages, and national inflation from 2012 to 2021.

2012: Per Person Health Care Spending=0.0%, MN GDP=0.0%, National Inflation=0.0%, Per Person Wage Growth=0.0%
2013: Per Person Health Care Spending=3.1%, MN GDP =4.3%, National Inflation =1.5%, Per Person Wage Growth =1.6%
2014: Per Person Health Care Spending=9.3%, MN GDP =8.9%, National Inflation =3.1%, Per Person Wage Growth =4.6%
2015: Per Person Health Care Spending=15.5%, MN GDP =12.5%, National Inflation =3.2%, Per Person Wage Growth =8.6%
2016: Per Person Health Care Spending=25.3%, MN GDP =15.3%, National Inflation =4.5%, Per Person Wage Growth =10.1%
2017: Per Person Health Care Spending=31.0%, MN GDP =18.5%, National Inflation =6.8%, Per Person Wage Growth =13.8%
2018: Per Person Health Care Spending=37.0%, MN GDP =24.7%, National Inflation =9.4%, Per Person Wage Growth =17.6%
2019: Per Person Health Care Spending=43.6%, MN GDP =28.7%, National Inflation =11.4%, Per Person Wage Growth=20.8%
2020: Per Person Health Care Spending=41.3%, MN GDP =26.3%, National Inflation =12.7%, Per Person Wage Growth =30.1%
2021: Per Person Health Care Spending=59.4%, MN GDP =38.3%, National Inflation =18.0%, Per Person Wage Growth =35.9%
Health care cost is Minnesota fully-insured commercial market spending per person and does not include enrollee out-of-pocket spending for deductibles, copayments/coinsurance, and services not covered by insurance. Fully-insured commercial market only.
- Sources: Sources: MDH Health Economics Program, analysis of annual medical-only reports from health plan companies; Gross State Product (MN GDP) from U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of Economic Analysis; Consumer Price Index (All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), U.S. City Average), as of May 9, 2023; per person wage growth from Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development as of May 9, 2023.

Page 28 - Total Cost Per-Person and Health Plan & Enrollee Shares

This stacked bar chart depicts per person health care spending for Minnesota's fully-insured private market per year in the period 2012 to 2021. Total spending is broken into health plan cost and enrollee cost.

2012: Health Plan Cost=$4,014; Enrollee Cost=$854; Total Cost=$4,868
2013: Health Plan Cost=$4,138; Enrollee Cost=$877; Total Cost=$5,015
2016: Health Plan Cost=$4,390; Enrollee Cost=$995; Total Cost=$5,385
2015: Health Plan Cost=$4,637; Enrollee Cost=$1,016; Total Cost=$5,653
2016: Health Plan Cost=$5,029; Enrollee Cost=$1,120; Total Cost=$6,148
2017: Health Plan Cost=$5,259; Enrollee Cost=$1,176; Total Cost=$6,436
2018: Health Plan Cost=$5,498; Enrollee Cost=$1,228; Total Cost=$6,727
2019: Health Plan Cost=$5,766; Enrollee Cost=$1,213; Total Cost=$6,978
2020: Health Plan Cost=$5,671; Enrollee Cost=$1,173; Total Cost=$6,843
2021: Health Plan Cost=$6,400; Enrollee Cost=$1,350; Total Cost=$7,750
Fully-insured commercial market only.
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program, analysis of annual medical-only reports from health plan companies. Revisions to historic time series may lead to slight variation from previously published estimates.

Page 29 - Percent of Private Health Insurance Costs Covered by Health Plans, Fully Insured Market

This line chart depicts the percent of private health insurance costs in Minnesota's fully-insured private covered by the health plan and enrollees from 2012 to 2021.

2012: Health Plan Share=82.5%, Enrollee Share=17.5%
2013: Health Plan Share=82.5%, Enrollee Share=17.5%
2014: Health Plan Share=81.5%, Enrollee Share=18.5%
2015: Health Plan Share=82.0%, Enrollee Share=18.0%
2016: Health Plan Share=81.8%, Enrollee Share=18.2%
2017: Health Plan Share=81.7%, Enrollee Share=18.3%
2018: Health Plan Share=81.7%, Enrollee Share=18.3%
2019: Health Plan Share=82.6%, Enrollee Share=17.4%
2020: Health Plan Share=82.9%, Enrollee Share=17.1%
2021: Health Plan Share=82.6%, Enrollee Share=17.4%
Fully-insured commercial market only.
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program, analysis of annual medical-only reports from health plan companies. Revisions to historic time series may lead to slight variation from previously published estimates.

Page 30- Cumulative Growth in Total Claims Cost Per Person, Health Plan & Enrollee Shares

This line chart depicts cumulative growth in per person health care spending for Minnesota's fully-insured private market from 2012 to 2021. Growth for overall costs, health plan cost and enrollee costs are shown.

2012: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =0.0%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =0.0%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =0.0%
2013: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =2.7%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =3.1%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =3.0%
2014: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =16.6%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =9.3%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =10.6%
2015: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =18.9%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =15.5%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =16.1%
2016: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =31.1%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =25.3%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =26.3%
2017: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =37.7%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =31.0%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =32.2%
2018: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =43.8%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =37.0%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =38.2%
2019: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =42.0%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =43.6%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =43.3%
2020: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =37.3%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =41.3%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =40.6%
2021: Enrollee Cost Growth Per Person =58.1%, Health Plan Cost Growth Per Person =59.2%, Total Claims Cost Per Person =59.4%
Fully-insured commercial market only.
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program, analysis of annual medical-only reports from health plan companies. Revisions to historic time series may lead to slight variation from previously published estimates.

Page 31 - Health Care Cost Drivers: Per Member Per Year Spending, 2020 to 2021

This chart depicts spending growth and declines in Minnesota health care spending per person per year from 2020 to 2021 by service category.

Annual per person total Growth Rate=12.9%
Spending Not Itemized: Growth=$48 per member per year
Outpatient: Growth=$230 per member per year
Inpatient: Growth=$159 per member per year
Other Medical: Growth=$71 per member per year
Physician: Growth=$243 per member per year
Rx Drugs: Growth=$46 per member per year
Administration: Growth=-$67 per member per year
Note: Growth rates calculated as annual growth per person over a one-year period. “Other medical” includes skilled nursing facilities, home health care, services of health professionals other than physicians and dentists, durable medical goods, and chemical dependency/mental health. Emergency services are included in the outpatient category.
Fully-insured commercial market only.
- Source: MDH Health Economics Program, analysis of annual medical-only reports from health plan companies.

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